This volume contains the proceedings of the conference Local and Global Methods in Algebraic Geometry, held from May 12-15, 2016, at the University of Illinois at Chicago, in honor of Lawrence Ein's 60th birthday. The articles cover a broad range of topics in algebraic geometry and related fields, including birational geometry and moduli theory, analytic and positive characteristic methods, geometry of surfaces, singularity theory, hyper-Kahler geometry, rational points, and rational curves.